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Modular Office Building by State

All 50 states plus the District of Columbia, each with its own cost index, code pathway and freight distance. Signature finish level, structure only, before site work.

Two identical buildings can differ by close to thirty percent in delivered cost purely on where they land. That is not a markup — it is three real variables stacking. Freight scales directly with distance from the fabrication facility, so a unit going to Washington State carries a materially higher delivery line than one staying in Georgia. Labor rates for the site scope — foundation, utility connections, finish work at the seams — vary widely by market. And code burden differs enormously between jurisdictions in ways that change the assembly itself.

That last one is the least understood and the most expensive to get wrong. A site in the High Velocity Hurricane Zone covering Miami-Dade and Broward counties requires product-approved impact-rated openings and engineered tie-downs, which a Kansas site does not. A Minnesota site needs envelope R-values and frost-protected foundation depth that a Texas site does not. A California project requires Title 24 energy compliance and state Housing and Community Development plan approval on top of local permitting. None of that shows up in a national average, which is why we publish state by state instead of averaging it away.

States with dedicated modular programs

Several states run formal factory-built approval programs that pre-certify designs at the state level, which shortens local permitting considerably. Pennsylvania's Industrialized Housing program is among the oldest. New Jersey, North Carolina, Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin, Oregon and Texas all operate defined pathways. California routes factory-built housing through HCD. Where a state program exists, the design work is front-loaded and the local review is narrower. Where it does not, every jurisdiction reviews from scratch and timelines become less predictable.

How to read the table

Figures below are Signature finish level, structure only, before site work, adjusted for that state's freight distance, labor market and code burden against a $325 national baseline. Freight shown is a typical per-module figure to that state's primary market. Your actual number depends on your specific site, and the state pages carry the local detail that changes it.

Alabama1 metro · 700 loaded miles$306per sq ft · freight $4,760
Alaska1 metro · 4,200 loaded miles$462per sq ft · freight $28,560
Arizona1 metro · 2,200 loaded miles$332per sq ft · freight $14,960
Arkansas1 metro · 1,050 loaded miles$299per sq ft · freight $7,140
California2 metros · 2,700 loaded miles$416per sq ft · freight $18,360
Colorado1 metro · 1,900 loaded miles$354per sq ft · freight $12,920
Connecticut1 metro · 1,450 loaded miles$384per sq ft · freight $9,860
Delaware1 metro · 1,240 loaded miles$338per sq ft · freight $8,432
District of Columbia1 metro · 1,180 loaded miles$422per sq ft · freight $8,024
Florida1 metro · 180 loaded miles$344per sq ft · freight $1,224
Georgia1 metro · 620 loaded miles$315per sq ft · freight $4,216
Hawaii1 metro · 4,800 loaded miles$514per sq ft · freight $32,640
Idaho1 metro · 2,500 loaded miles$335per sq ft · freight $17,000
Illinois3 metros · 1,330 loaded miles$361per sq ft · freight $9,044
Indiana1 metro · 1,250 loaded miles$312per sq ft · freight $8,500
Iowa1 metro · 1,450 loaded miles$309per sq ft · freight $9,860
Kansas1 metro · 1,400 loaded miles$306per sq ft · freight $9,520
Kentucky1 metro · 1,080 loaded miles$309per sq ft · freight $7,344
Louisiana1 metro · 880 loaded miles$328per sq ft · freight $5,984
Maine1 metro · 1,720 loaded miles$351per sq ft · freight $11,696
Maryland1 metro · 1,180 loaded miles$364per sq ft · freight $8,024
Massachusetts1 metro · 1,520 loaded miles$403per sq ft · freight $10,336
Michigan1 metro · 1,380 loaded miles$325per sq ft · freight $9,384
Minnesota1 metro · 1,620 loaded miles$348per sq ft · freight $11,016
Mississippi1 metro · 830 loaded miles$296per sq ft · freight $5,644
Missouri1 metro · 1,200 loaded miles$309per sq ft · freight $8,160
Montana1 metro · 2,350 loaded miles$351per sq ft · freight $15,980
Nebraska1 metro · 1,550 loaded miles$309per sq ft · freight $10,540
Nevada1 metro · 2,450 loaded miles$344per sq ft · freight $16,660
New Hampshire1 metro · 1,600 loaded miles$358per sq ft · freight $10,880
New Jersey4 metros · 1,350 loaded miles$387per sq ft · freight $9,180
New Mexico1 metro · 1,750 loaded miles$322per sq ft · freight $11,900
New York4 metros · 1,420 loaded miles$410per sq ft · freight $9,656
North Carolina1 metro · 880 loaded miles$318per sq ft · freight $5,984
North Dakota1 metro · 1,900 loaded miles$338per sq ft · freight $12,920
Ohio1 metro · 1,250 loaded miles$318per sq ft · freight $8,500
Oklahoma1 metro · 1,300 loaded miles$302per sq ft · freight $8,840
Oregon1 metro · 2,900 loaded miles$364per sq ft · freight $19,720
Pennsylvania1 metro · 1,300 loaded miles$344per sq ft · freight $8,840
Rhode Island1 metro · 1,500 loaded miles$377per sq ft · freight $10,200
South Carolina1 metro · 760 loaded miles$315per sq ft · freight $5,168
South Dakota1 metro · 1,750 loaded miles$315per sq ft · freight $11,900
Tennessee1 metro · 900 loaded miles$315per sq ft · freight $6,120
Texas1 metro · 1,200 loaded miles$312per sq ft · freight $8,160
Utah1 metro · 2,300 loaded miles$338per sq ft · freight $15,640
Vermont1 metro · 1,620 loaded miles$354per sq ft · freight $11,016
Virginia1 metro · 1,080 loaded miles$338per sq ft · freight $7,344
Washington1 metro · 3,050 loaded miles$377per sq ft · freight $20,740
West Virginia1 metro · 1,120 loaded miles$318per sq ft · freight $7,616
Wisconsin1 metro · 1,500 loaded miles$335per sq ft · freight $10,200
Wyoming1 metro · 2,050 loaded miles$341per sq ft · freight $13,940

Why state matters

Two identical buildings can differ by thirty percent in delivered cost purely on location. Freight scales with distance from the fabrication facility. Labor rates for the site scope vary widely. And code burden differs enormously — a high-velocity hurricane zone in South Florida requires product-approved assemblies that a Kansas site does not, while a Minnesota site needs envelope and frost-protection depth that a Texas site does not. We publish all of it rather than averaging it into one national number.

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